Devices include hanging-arm casts, coaptation splints, and arm slings.Nonoperative management is generally possible for nondisplaced, closed fractures.All transcondylar, intercondylar, and condylar fractures.Displaced supra- or epicondylar fractures.Immobilize in a long arm posterior splint.All patients: Initiate general fracture care, including analgesia.MRI: may be indicated for diagnosis of associated tendon/ ligament injuries (e.g., rotator cuff injury).CT angiography: indicated for suspected vascular injury.CT: indicated in preoperative planning for complicated fractures, assessment of associated injuries, and inconclusive x-ray findings.Anterior fat pad sign ( sail sign): a radiographic finding caused by an elbow joint effusion results in the presence of a convex lucent crescent in the coronoid fossa on a lateral x-ray view of the elbowĪ visible anterior fat pad may be normal, but a visible posterior fat pad is always abnormal.Posterior fat pad sign: a radiographic finding caused by an elbow joint effusion results in the presence of a lucent crescent in the olecranon fossa on a lateral x-ray view of the elbow.Visible fat pads in elbow views suggest an intraarticular fracture.Radiographic fracture signs, fracture fragments, displacement, angulation, and/or dislocation.Elbow : anteroposterior and lateral, as well as oblique view as needed.Shoulder : true anteroposterior, trans-scapular lateral ( Y view), and axillary lateral.Imaging for humerus fractures typically includes x-ray views of the humerus, shoulder, and elbow. Skin exam: Evaluate for laceration, tearing, and tenting.Evaluate for median nerve injury, radial nerve injury, and ulnar nerve injury.Assess radial and ulnar artery pulses and capillary refill time.Any findings that suggest neurovascular injury or open fracture should prompt urgent orthopedic consultation.
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